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CYP2C9 substrates
medication Under reviewCYP2C9 substrates are a diverse group of pharmaceutical drugs and compounds primarily metabolized by the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2C9, a key player in human drug metabolism located mainly in the liver. This enzyme oxidizes weakly acidic drugs through processes like hydroxylation and demethylation, handling a wide range including anticoagulants like warfarin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sulfonylurea hypoglycemics, anticonvulsants such as phenytoin, and angiotensin receptor blockers like losartan. These substrates often have narrow therapeutic indices, meaning small changes in metabolism can lead to toxicity or ineffectiveness.
Research summary
Scientific evidence highlights CYP2C9's critical role in metabolizing numerous clinically important drugs, with genetic polymorphisms significantly influencing clearance rates and therapeutic outcomes. Studies emphasize the impact of CYP2C9 variants on dosing requirements for substrates like warfarin and phenytoin, particularly in healthy individuals probed for enzyme activity. Consensus supports pharmacogenomic testing to optimize therapy, though direct supplementation of substrates is not standard practice outside clinical contexts.
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