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Stimulant drugs (amphetamines, cocaine)
medication Under reviewStimulant drugs such as amphetamines and cocaine are psychoactive substances that increase activity in the central nervous system by enhancing the availability of key neurotransmitters like dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Amphetamines promote the release of these neurotransmitters and block their reuptake, while cocaine primarily inhibits reuptake, leading to heightened alertness, euphoria, and energy. These mechanisms produce short-term effects including increased heart rate, blood pressure, and focus, but they also carry substantial risks of dependency and neurotoxicity with repeated use.
Research summary
Scientific evidence from human studies primarily highlights the detrimental long-term effects of stimulant drugs on brain function and dopamine systems in users compared to healthy controls, with consistent findings of reduced dopamine release, transporter availability, and receptor binding. While acute use may temporarily boost energy and concentration, chronic exposure leads to neurotoxic changes, cognitive impairments, and addiction potential, with no consensus supporting benefits for healthy individuals. Research emphasizes harm over any therapeutic application outside medical contexts.
Reported Side Effects
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The Health Effect of Psychostimulants: A Literature Review
Brust JCM
Association of Stimulant Use With Dopaminergic Alterations in Users of Cocaine, Amphetamine, or Methamphetamine: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Ashok AH, Mizuno Y, Volkow ND, Howes OD
No reports yet
Be the first to report this effect and help the community.
Add Stimulant drugs (amphetamines, cocaine) to your stack to report effects
The Health Effect of Psychostimulants: A Literature Review
Brust JCM
No reports yet
Be the first to report this effect and help the community.
Add Stimulant drugs (amphetamines, cocaine) to your stack to report effects
The Health Effect of Psychostimulants: A Literature Review
Brust JCM
Research (2 studies)
Association of Stimulant Use With Dopaminergic Alterations in Users of Cocaine, Amphetamine, or Methamphetamine: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Ashok AH, Mizuno Y, Volkow ND, Howes OD
The Health Effect of Psychostimulants: A Literature Review
Brust JCM
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